Capital employed

Capital employed equates to the assets deemed necessary for business and subject to the cost of capital, as derived from the balance sheet. The growth in capital employed (including discontinued operations) resulted mainly from a capital expenditure-related increase in property, plant and equipment in the Integrated Rail System. Among other things, higher provisions, in particular for revenue discounts, and negative effects in connection with the planned sale of DB Arriva were largely offset by lower trade liabilities.